Self Defence Starts Before the Fight

What is self defence?

Most people think self-defence is about punches, kicks, and physical techniques.

In reality, the vast majority of personal safety decisions happen long before any physical confrontation begins.

This is because a criminal's strategy is often surprisingly simple: find the easiest target.

Most offenders are not looking for a fight. They are looking for a low risk opportunity. They want someone who is distracted, unaware, isolated, or unlikely to challenge them.

Criminals commonly look for:

  • People absorbed in their phones

  • People wearing headphones and unaware of their surroundings

  • Individuals carrying shopping bags or managing children

  • Those displaying hesitant or uncertain body language

  • People walking alone in quiet or poorly lit areas

  • Individuals following predictable routines

The goal of self-defence is not to become a fighter. The goal is to avoid becoming the easiest option.

The Three Pillars of Personal Safety

Awareness and Presence

Awareness is your first line of defence.

Simple habits can dramatically reduce your vulnerability:

  • Walk with purpose and confidence

  • Keep your head up and scan your surroundings

  • Notice who is around you, including people behind and beside you

  • Avoid becoming absorbed in your phone while walking

  • Remove distractions when moving through unfamiliar areas

  • Make brief eye contact with people around you to communicate awareness

This isn't about being paranoid. It's about being present.

Many criminals prefer targets who appear completely unaware. By demonstrating that you are alert, you immediately become a less attractive option.

Range and Positioning

Most criminal acts require proximity.

Whether someone wants to intimidate, rob, grab, or assault you, they usually need to get close first.

Your job is to control the space around you.

Practical ways to do this include:

  • Crossing the road if someone makes you uncomfortable

  • Moving into a shop, café, or public place

  • Keeping a physical barrier between yourself and a stranger when possible

  • Adopting a non-threatening "fence" position with your hands visible in front of you

  • Standing at an angle rather than square-on

  • Maintaining a safe reactionary gap

One of the biggest mistakes people make is allowing strangers to enter their personal space because they don't want to seem rude.

Criminals often exploit this social conditioning. Don’t let them!

Remember: your safety is more important than someone else's opinion of your manners.

Action: Voice and Boundary Setting

Your voice is one of the most powerful self-defence tools you possess.

A strong verbal response communicates:

  • Confidence

  • Awareness

  • Control

  • A willingness to resist

A simple framework we teach is the ATTA model:

A – Ask
 
"Sorry, no thanks. Have a good day."

T – Tell
 
"I said no. Please back off."

T – Tell Again
 
"BACK OFF NOW."

A – Act

  • Move away

  • Enter a safe location

  • Call the police

  • Shout for assistance

  • Take physical action if absolutely necessary to protect yourself

Many people wait too long before becoming assertive. Setting boundaries early can prevent a situation from escalating and gives you a clear framework on when it is appropriate to act.

Common Tactics Criminals Use to Get Close

The Polite Approach

Not every threat begins with aggression.

Many criminals use apparently harmless questions to close distance and assess potential victims.

Examples include:

  • "Have you got the time?"

  • "Can you help me?"

  • "Do you know where this street is?"

The question itself is often not the issue. The concern is whether someone is using it as an excuse to invade your personal space.

Ask yourself:

  • Why do they need to be this close?

  • Why have they chosen me?

  • What is their body language telling me?

  • What is my intuition telling me?

In these situations, boundary setting is usually more important than trying to de-escalate.

Immediate Aggression

Some people skip the friendly approach altogether and immediately become threatening.

This may involve:

  • Shouting

  • Swearing

  • Threats

  • Rapid movement towards you

In these situations, maintaining distance and setting clear verbal boundaries become critical.

Following or "Tagging"

A more subtle tactic involves someone following you over a period of time.

If you suspect this may be happening:

  • Change direction

  • Cross the road

  • Enter a shop or public building

  • Look back confidently

If the person continues to follow after multiple changes in direction, it may not be a coincidence.

Trust your instincts and seek safety immediately.

Self Defence Is Not About Winning Fights

You do not need to be an athlete.

You do not need to be physically strong.

You do not need years of martial arts experience.

You need:

  • Awareness

  • Strategy

  • Boundaries

  • A few simple, practical skills

Criminals are often looking for the easiest option.

Your goal is to become the wrong choice.

In an Emergency

  • Call 999

  • On most smartphones, pressing the power button five times quickly activates emergency assistance features

  • If you are on the rail network, text 61016 to the British Transport Police

If you genuinely believe you are in danger, act early. Trust your instincts, create distance, attract attention, and seek help.

 

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What to Do if Someone Follows You at Night: A UK-Specific Safety Guide